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صفحة: VII
( Corriente 1997 : 517 ) ~ Galilean Aram m › y ‘ wring out , be settled’ ( Sokoloff 1990 : 325 ) ~ Hebrew m ››› h , ‘ that which is squeezed in , ’ m ›› , m ›››› y ‘ squeezing , wringing out ( of the blood of the sacrifice ) ’ ( M . Jastrow 1903 : 778 ) : m ›› ›› l › b y ›››› › em ›› h ‘ Surely the wringing of milk brings forth curd’ ( Proverbs 30 , 33 ) . The existence of an Aramaic substratum in the colloquial Arabic lexicon has been remarked upon in a number of linguistic studies , especially those addressing the Eastern Arabic vernaculars spoken by urban and rural communities in Greater Syria ( Feghali 1918 ) and Iraq ( Blanc 1964 ) . Casual reference to non-Arabic lexical elements , especially Aramaic loans , outside the historical heartland of Aramaic , for instance , in Peninsular Arabic , also occur in random fashion ( e . g ., Landberg 1920 , Holes 2001 ); the topic has , nevertheless , yet to receive adequate coverage . Highly desirable in this regard would be some attempt at probing the nature and extent of borrowing entailed , and reconstructing of a relative chronology for these loans , with suggestions for their likely diffusional channels . Interpreting the areal distribution of lexical Aramaisms can be insightfully treated by adopting some key concepts of the Age-and-Area hypothesis , such as the notions of ‘ centre’ and ‘ periphery . ’ In relation to the diffusional strategy of Aramaic actualized in the early centuries of the first millenium of our era , the Arabian Peninsula distinctly constitutes , at the present time , a peripheral area . In the same study , I highlighted the presence of Aramaisms in the central and western Mediterranean , completely overlooked in the conventional literature . The incidence of Aramaisms in the speech patterns of Beduin is hardly mentioned in the technical literature on Arabic and Semitics , possibly , because it is often gratuitously assumed that their alleged geographical isolation from settled communities has tended to protect them from the potential effects of language contact . Urheimat studies into the word-stock of language families tend to stress the significance of the earliest lexical heritage for reconstructing cultural aspects of the human groups concerned . Some Aramaic loans noted in this study are of particular interest in this respect ; intended here are the two aforementioned Aramaic terms lexifying central concepts in the Beduin’s customary law (› urf ) : s › tyih ‘ legal precedent , ’ and the derivatives of the root › -d-f ‘ to prefer . ’ Signifi- cantly , neither term is attested in the sedentary Arabic lexicons or , for that matter , in contemporary Neo-Aramaic . Note also , in this connection , the term ‹ ڑ a › w ››› f , pl ڑ e ›› ‘ goldfarbig ( von Kamel ) ’ recorded in Socin ( 1901 : 280 ) for Central Arabia ; this colour term referring specifically to camel colours clearly
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مجمع اللغة العربية
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